Gurkhas

Gurkhas also known as Gorkhali are the soldiers of Kingdom of Nepal. They are known for their fearless military prowess.  They carry a traditional weapon known as Khukuri which gives an unique identity to the Gurkhas. In past, it was said that once a khukuri was drawn in battle, it had to taste blood and if not, the owner had to cut himself before returning it to the sheath. 
The Gurkha word comes from the village of Gorkha from where the Kingdom of Nepal expanded. The potential of Gurkha was realized by the British East India Company when they suffered heavy casualties in the invasion of Nepal. Thereafter, a treaty was signed and Gurkhas started fighting for British in the WWI and Falklands. 

Measurement System in Nepal

Bigha (बिघा) is the unit of measurement of lands especially in the Terai Region and Ropani (रोपनी) is the unit of measurement in the Hilly Regions of Nepal.

Measurement of area in terms of Bigha

  1 bigha (बिघा)   = 20 kattha (कठ्ठा)   =   6,772.63 m²   = 72,900 sq.ft    = 13.31 ropani (रोपनी)
  1 kattha (कठ्ठा)  = 20 dhur (धुर)        =  338.63 m²       = 3,645 sq.ft.
  1 dhur (धुर)                                      =  16.93 m²         = 182.25 sq.ft      

Measurement of area in terms of Ropani

1 ropani(रोपनी)   = 16 aana (आना)     =  508.72 m²       = 5476 sq. ft

1 aana(आना)       = 4 paisa (पैसा)       =  31.80 m²         = 342.25 sq.ft

1 paisa(पैसा)        = 4 daam (दाम)       =  7.95 m²          = 85.56 sq.ft
1daam (दाम)                                       =  1.99 m²          = 21.39 sq.ft
Also,
1 ropani(रोपनी)     = 4 matomuri
25 ropani(रोपनी)   = 1 khetmuri

Length Measurement

1 bitta       = 18 angul
1 haat       = 2 bitta
1 danda    = 4 haat
1 janjir      = 9 haat
1 kosh      = 480 danda      = 3.218 km    = 2 mile
1 gaj         = 0.9144 m       = 1 yard
Volume Measurement
1 moori         = 20 pathi
1 pathi          = 4 curuwa           = 4.54596 ltr
1 curuwa      = 2 mana
1 mana         = 4 chauthai      = 10 muthi
1 lit              = 1.7598 mana
Weight Measurement
1 kg              = 5 pau in ktm 4 pau outside ktm
1 pau            = 19 tola         = 199 gms
1 tola            = 100 lal         = 11.66 gm
1 chatak       = 4 1/2 tola     = 58.31 gm
1 pau           = 4 chatak
1 seer          = 0.9331 kg
1 dharni        = 12 pau          = 2.3934 kg
1 maund       = 37.3242 kg
1 gm             = 8.573 lal
1 pound       = 0.4536 kg

Guidelines for Study of HydroPower Projects

In the course of licensing of hydropower projects, for survey or development for generation, transmission and distribution of electricity, the quality, volume and depth study of the report
submitted are not unique and differ from one developer to another. Due to these uncertainties and differences in level and depth of studies carried out, the Department of Electricity Development( DoED) has developed the guidelines for different phases of study for hydropower development, so that uniformity and quality of report can be achieved.
These Guidelines can be adopted as the National Guidelines for study of hydropower projects in Nepal.
Please follow the link below to view or download the article:
https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0BzMm2idYR32dNzNkNjBlODQtOTQxYS00Y2FkLTk0NjMtYWE4NGZjMzE3OWJm&hl=en_US

Hydroelectricity Licence Management Work Procedure(Antarik Karyabidhi 2068)

The Government of Nepal(GoN) has unveiled a power regulation that has ended the provision of awarding licence to hydropower projects greater than 10 MW to developers on a first-come, first-served basis. The regulation that came into effect from 2068-05-05 will now award licences of hydropower projects above 10 MW  through competitive bidding process. According to the karyabidhi prepared and passed by Ministry of Energy, all applications applying for projects above 10 MW at the Department of Electricity Development(DoED) have been cancelled automatically.


There were 194 applications for projects above 10 MW at the department capable of generating  nearly 20,000 MW of electricity.Among the cancelled ones 16 were Indian companies predominantly from Andhra Pradesh, New Delhi, Maharashtra and West Bengal seeking to develop 42 projects between 110MW and 1,300MW.
 As per the provision,except for state-owned entities, no promoter will be awarded more than three projects(afu sanga ta auta ni chaina). It even forces Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA) to go through the bidding process.
The regulation also prohibits government officials associated with the hydropower sector from applying for survey licences or investing in hydropower projects as promoters. Promoters of hydropower projects have to submit a self-declaration form stating that none of them hold public posts in the energy sector.
The new power policy of the caretaker government has generated a mixed reaction among people. Some belief the policy will trigger greater interest from actual investors/promoters as they could now claim and construct the cream projects that were once occupied  by other( jal mafia ??) incapable applicants.
Jhola ma Khola prabirti (rivers in the pockets) will lessen and gradually removed from this sector. 
Others belief the decision of caretaker is not to be worried about and clamly wait and see ( parkha ra hera ) for the next government to come to power. Also the huge pressure from the business group can loosen the policy by huge amount in their favour.(byapari le chalako desh na paryo).
And also,the Nepalese developers can face problem in competing the bidding process alongside Indian and Chinese developers.( Chinese manpower being cheap will definitely bid low.)


Category                      No of applications       Capacity (MW)
10 to 25 MW               88                               1,463
25 to 100 MW             64                               3,501
More than 100 MW     42                               15,839 (source DoED)

The karyabidhi can be downloaded from the DoED website or from the link below:

http://www.doed.gov.np/procedure/licence-management-procedure-2068.pdf 

initiation

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